井下供電自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)通訊電路的研究與設(shè)計(jì)

根據(jù)煤礦供電系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及功能要求，開發(fā)研制出基于微機(jī)技術(shù)的井下供電自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)通訊電路。該電路由監(jiān)控終端通訊電路、分站、中繼站、光電適配器和井上數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器應(yīng)用程序五部分組成。各通訊分站通過(guò)485總線接收智能終端設(shè)備傳送的狀態(tài)參數(shù)，并將電信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楣庑盘?hào)，利用光纖技術(shù)將開關(guān)狀態(tài)參數(shù)高速接入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器；控制信號(hào)的傳輸方向正好相反，井上遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控機(jī)站采用B/S結(jié)構(gòu)，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器通過(guò)串口讀取數(shù)據(jù)，并利用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行記錄；網(wǎng)內(nèi)用戶通過(guò)局域網(wǎng)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行訪問(wèn)。
關(guān)鍵詞:井下供配電；自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)；B/S結(jié)構(gòu)；單片機(jī)；數(shù)據(jù)通訊

Research and Design of Communication Circuit in Underground
?Power-distribution Automation System
LI Shu-wei，SHEN Zhan-bin
(Pingdingshan Industrial Collage of Technology，Pingdingshan 467001,china)
Abstract: According to the configuration characteristics and function requirements of the power supply system in colliery, this paper has designed communication circuit of underground power supply integrated automation system based on computer technology. The system is consisted of communication circuit in underground intelligent monitoring termination, substations, trunking stations, photoelectricity adapter and surface application software on database server computer. Substations receive the data from intelligent monitoring termination through 485-Bus, and change the electric signal to optic signal, then transmit them to surface monitoring station through optical fiber. The direction of the control signal is just opposite. The surface monitoring station adopts B/S structure. The database server computer collects state parameters through serial-port, and. stored these data by database technology. The client computers in the local area network visit database through LAN.
Keywords: underground power-distribution; Automation system; B/S structure; single-chip computer; Data communication

煤礦井下供電系統(tǒng)的安全運(yùn)行，直接影響著礦井生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，以及煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)和生產(chǎn)效率。該系統(tǒng)的各元件長(zhǎng)期工作在惡劣的環(huán)境中，經(jīng)常受到潮、腐、砸、壓、碰、撞等傷害，造成系統(tǒng)元件的損傷，運(yùn)行異常。如果不能及時(shí)掌握井下供電系統(tǒng)各元件的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，對(duì)異常及時(shí)處理，將會(huì)造成煤礦井下無(wú)計(jì)劃間斷供電，危及煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)。因此煤礦井下供電系統(tǒng)安全監(jiān)控是急需解決的問(wèn)題，其中數(shù)據(jù)通訊電路的設(shè)計(jì)是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)能夠安全有效工作的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。
1. 井下供電綜合自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)
按照供電綜合自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具有對(duì)井下電氣元件遙測(cè)、遙控、遙信和遙調(diào)，維護(hù)與擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng)等要求，實(shí)現(xiàn)井上、井下信息的高速交換，我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的井下供電自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)總體框架如圖1所示。該系統(tǒng)由井下智能監(jiān)控終端、數(shù)據(jù)通訊電路及井上遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控機(jī)站等部分組成。
井下智能監(jiān)控終端采用單片機(jī)技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)井下高壓開關(guān)狀態(tài)參數(shù)的采集與控制信號(hào)的發(fā)出。狀態(tài)參數(shù)通過(guò)485總線傳送到各分站。
數(shù)據(jù)通訊電路由監(jiān)控終端通訊電路、分站、中繼站、光電適配器和井上數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器五部分組成。監(jiān)控終端通訊電路是監(jiān)控終端的門戶；分站將各監(jiān)控終端的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為光信號(hào)接入光纜；中繼負(fù)責(zé)分站的擴(kuò)展；光電適配器實(shí)現(xiàn)光信號(hào)與電信號(hào)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換；數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器應(yīng)用程序?qū)ΡO(jiān)控終端上傳的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行存儲(chǔ)，同時(shí)記錄Web服務(wù)器提出的各項(xiàng)控制命令。
井上遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控機(jī)站采用B/S結(jié)構(gòu)，由數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器、Web服務(wù)器和網(wǎng)內(nèi)用戶端組成。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器實(shí)現(xiàn)井下數(shù)據(jù)采集及存儲(chǔ)，并發(fā)出控制指令。用戶端利用局域網(wǎng)訪問(wèn)Web服務(wù)器，由Web服務(wù)器向數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器提出數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)請(qǐng)求。